小兒科抗微生物藥劑劑量 ABTx Pediatric Dosages

[上接: 腎衰竭洗腎病患的劑量]

 

小兒科抗微生物藥劑劑量ABTx Pediatric Dosages

 

[這些數據原來是表格呈現的，但是部落格無法將表格貼上。只好一個個藥品打下去，很難編排的整齊，不過還勉強可以看得出每一種藥品在小孩的劑量。]

 

Acyclovir: <12 y.o.

                新生兒全身性 generalized HSV感染==10-15 mg/kg,   iv, q8h

                HSV gingivitis口腔牙齦炎==重症可試po, 5 mg/kg, q8h，健保不給付

                HSV encephalitis腦炎==10 mg/kg, iv, q8h

                嚴重水痘chickenpox==10-15 mg/kg, iv, q8h 可能有效

Amantadine: 1-9 y.o.

        只對influenza A有效==2.5 mg/kg, po, q12h, do not exceed不超過 150 mg/d

Amikin:

0-7 days ==10 mg/kg, then 7.5 mg/kg, q12h

>7 days ==15 mg/kg/day, im,分為q8-12h

Amoxicillin/clavulanate:

                中耳炎、鼻竇炎==45 mg/kg/day, po, 分為q12h(重症 serious infection)

25 mg/kg/day, po, 分為q12h(輕症 mild cases)

Ampicillin:

0-7 days---腦膜炎meningitis==50 mg/kg, iv, q8h

                 其他 others==25 mg/kg, iv/im, q8h

>7 days---腦膜炎meningitis==50-75 mg/kg, iv, q6h

其他others== 25 m g/kg, po/im/iv, q6h

Ampicillin/sulbactam: 12 y.o.以下不用

                Amipicillin之量同上

Azithromycin: for Mycoplasma pneumoniae

                >6 mo old==10 mg/kg, po, first day。Then 5 mg/kg, po for 4 days

>2 y.o.== 12 mg/kg, po, qd, 共五天。(do not exceed不超過 500mg/day)

Aztreonam: for >4 weeks

                Cystic fibrosis==50 mg/kg, iv,q6h

                Others==30 mg/kg, iv,q6h

Bacitracin:

                1,000 u/kg/day, im, 分三次in 3 doses, q8h

Cefaclor:

                20-40 mg/kg/day, po分三次(do not exceed不超過1 gm/d)

Cefadroxil:

                15 mg/kg, po, q12h

Cefazolin:

                0-7 days==20 mg/kg, im/iv, q12h

                小孩==20 mg/kg, im/iv, q8h

Cefepime:

                腦膜炎meningitis==50 mg/kg, iv, q8h

Cefixime: only in suspension

                8 mg/kg/day, po, given qd or q12h

                Only one dose for treatment of gonorrhea

Cefotaxime

                腦膜炎 encephalitis==50 mg/kg, iv, q6h (do not exceed不超過12 gm/day)

                0-7 days==50 mg/kg, iv, q12h

                >7 days==50 mg/kg, iv, q8h

Cefoxitin:

                0-7 days==20 mg/kg, iv/im, q12h

                >7 days==20-40 mg/kg, iv/im, q6h (do not exceed不超過 12 gm /day)

Cefpodoxime proxetil

                中耳炎 otitis media==10 mg/kg/day, po, qd (do not exceed不超過400 mg)

Cefprozil: do not use in <6 months old

                15 mg/kg, po, q12h

Ceftazidime:

                0-4 weeks==50 mg/kg, iv, q12h

                Children小孩==50 mg/kg, iv, q8h (do not exceed不超過 6 gm /day)

Ceftibutin:

                4.5 mg/kg, po, q12h

Ceftizoxime: >6 mo old

                Very serious infection==50 mg/kg, iv, q6h

Ceftriaxone:

腦膜炎 meningitis==loading 75 m g/kg, then 50 m g/kg, q12h(do not exceed 不超過4 gm/day), iv

                Others==50 mg/kg, iv, qd

Cefuroxime :

                >3 mo old==25-37.5 mg/kg, iv, q8h

Cefuroxime axetil:

                Otitix media 中耳炎==20 mg/kg, po, q12h

                Others==15 mg/kg, po, q12h

Cephalothin:

                14-28 mg/kg, iv, q4h

Cephalexin:

                6-12 mg/kg, po, qid

Chloramphenicol:

0-7 days==Avoid using==25 mg/kg, po/iv, qd

Infant嬰兒==25 mg/kg, po/iv, q12h

Children小孩==25 mg/kg, po/iv, q6h

 12.5-18 mg/kg, po/iv, q6h

Choloroquine: for malaria瘧疾

                Prevention==5 mg/kg (base) po, 每週一次

                Treatment==10 mg/kg (base) po, first dose; 6 hours later5 mg/kg, then 5 mg/kg, qd, 2 days

Clarithromycin: >6 months

                Mycobacterium avium and other mycoplasma pneumonias== 7.5 mg/kg, po, q12h (do not exceed 不超過500 mg/dose)

Clindamycin:

                3.5-5 mg/kg, po, q6h or 6-12.5 mg/kg, iv/im, q6-8h

Cloxacillin:

                12.5-25 mg/kg, po, q6h

Colistin: for E. coli gastroenteritis

                15 mg/kg/day in q6-4h

Dicloxacillin:

                4-12.5 mg/kg, po, q6h

Doxycylcine:

                1-2 mg/kg, po, q12h

Erythromycin:

                0-7 y.o.== 10 mg/kg, po, q12h

                Infant and children==10 mg/kg, po, q6h

Erythromycin/sulfisoxazole:

                >2 mo. Old==10 mg/kg erythro, po, q6h

Erythromycin estolate:

                Infant and children==10-20 mg/kg, po, q8-12h

Ethambutol:

                Only for <13 y.o.== 15 mg/kg, po, qd

Fluconazole: for mucocutaneous and generalized candidiasis or cryptococcosis

                >3 y.o.== Loading dose 10 mg/kg, iv/po; maintenance dose 3-6 mg/kg, iv/po, qd

Gancyclovir: for CMV retinitis

                >2 y.o.== 5 mg/kg, iv q12h, later change to 5 mg/kg, iv,qd

Gentamicin:

                0-7 days==2.5 mg/kg, im/iv, q12h

                Infant and children==2.5 mg/kg, im/iv, q8h

Imipenem/cilastatin: safety uncertain below 12 y.o.

                0-7 days==20 mg/kg, iv, q12h

                Infant and children==12.5 mg/kg, iv, q6h (do not exceed不超過4 gm/day)

Isoniazid: for tuberculosis

                Treatment== 7-20 mg/kg/day, po/im, in qd or bid

                Prevention== 10 mg/kg, po qd (do not exceed不超過300 mg/day)

Ketoconazole: safety uncertain <2 y.o.

                5 mg/kg, po, qd (do not exceed不超過800 mg/day)

Loracarbef: safety uncertain <6 mo. old

                Otitis media中耳炎==15 mg/kg, po, q12h

                Others==7.5 mg/kg, po, q12h

Meropenem: >3 mo. old

                腦膜炎meningitis==40 mg/kg, iv, q8h (不超過6gm/day)

Metronidazole: for Children

                Anaerobic infections==15 mg/kg, iv, q12h

                Ameba and other infections==12-17 mg/kg, po, q8h

                Giardia/trichomonas==5 mg/kg, po, q8h

Nafcillin:

                0-7 days==25 mg/kg, iv, q8h

                Infant and children==37.5 mg/kg, iv, q6h

Neomycin:

                50 mg/kg/day, po, in q6-8h

Netilmycin:

                <6 weeks==2.5 mg/kg, iv/im, q12h

                >6 weeks==2.5 mg/kg, iv/im, q8h

Nitrofurantoin: do not use

                >one months old ==1.25-2.25 mg, po, q6h

Oxacillin:

                37.5 mg/kg, iv, q6h

Penicillin G: for confirmed group G strep meningitis

                0-7 days== 250-450 KU/kg/d, in q8h

                Infant and children==450 KU/kg/d, in q6h

Benzathine penicillin

                <60 pounds==600,000 units, im

                >60 pounds==1,200,000 units, im

Piperacillin: safety uncertain <12 y.o.

                >2 months old==75 mg/kg, iv, q6h

Praziquantel: safety uncertain <4 y.o.

                20 mg/kg, po, q8h, one day only

Pyrazinamide:

                30 mg/kg, po, qd

Pyrantel pamoate:

                5 mg/kg, po, one dose

Rifampin: for tuberculosis

                0-7 days==10 mg/kg, po, qd

                Children==10-15 mg/kg, po, qd (do not exceed不超過600 mg/day)

Rimantadine:

                Children==5 mg/kg, po, qd (do not exceed不超過150 mg/day)

Stre[ptomycin:

                Children==10-15 mg/kg, im, q12h, or in one dose im

Sulfisoxazole:

                30-37.5 mg/kg, po, q6h

Tetracycline: avoid use <9 y.o.

                >9 y.o.== 25-50 mg/kg/day, po, or15-20 mg/kg/day, iv, in q6h

Ticarcillin:

                0-7 days==75 mg/kg, iv, q8h

                >7 days==75 mg/kg, iv, q8h

Ticarcillin/clavulanate: safety uncertain >12 y.o.

                Dosage same as Ticarcillin

Tobramycin:

                0-7 days==2 .5 mg/kg, iv/im, q12h

                Infant==2 mg/kg, iv/im, q8h

                Children==2-2.5 mg/kg, iv/im, q8h

                For cystic fibrosis==2-3.3 mg/kg, iv/im, q8h

Trimethoprim/sulfisoxazole: avoid use <27 months old

                UTI, otitis media==8 mg TMP/40 mg SMZ/kg /day, po,分為q12h

                Pneumocystis carinii==20 mgTMP/100 mg SMZ/kg/day, po, in q6h

Vancomycin:

                <1 month==15 mg/kg, iv, q8h

                >1 month==10 mg/kg, iv, q6h

                Meningitis==15 mg/kg, iv, q6h